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Construction of PE2/PA Winding Wire
The PE2/PA winding wire consists of a solid or stranded copper conductor insulated with cross-linked polyethylene and overcoated with a polyamide sheath. The conductor is manufactured from high-conductivity annealed copper, available in diameters ranging from 0.8 mm to 3.4 mm for standard production. This dimensional range covers the majority of submersible pump motor power ratings, from small domestic units to medium-industrial installations.
The PE2 insulation layer provides the primary electrical barrier. Cross-linking is achieved through a process that creates molecular bonds between the polyethylene polymer chains, transforming the material from a thermoplastic that softens with heat into a thermoset that maintains its shape and properties at elevated temperatures. This structural change is the key to PE2‘s performance advantage over standard polyethylene, which is limited to approximately 70°C. The cross-linked PE2 extends the operating ceiling to 50°C water temperature, with the insulation maintaining its dielectric integrity under continuous immersion.
The PA sheath, applied over the PE2 insulation, serves a distinctly mechanical function. The polyamide material provides surface protection against abrasion during winding and service, contributes to the wire’s smooth surface finish for ease of slot filling, and adds a secondary barrier against water ingress. The combination of PE2 for electrical insulation and PA for mechanical protection is specifically engineered to meet the dual demands of submersible motor service.
Technical Performance Characteristics
The electrical properties of PE2/PA winding wire are exceptional. The dielectric breakdown strength reaches 70 kV/mm when tested at 50 Hz and 20°C according to DIN VDE 0303-21. The specific insulation resistance measures 10¹⁰ Ω·cm at 20°C per IEC 60093, ensuring minimal leakage current even in water-filled motor environments.
Mechanical testing according to IEC 60811-1-1 verifies a minimum tensile strength of 10 N/mm² at 23°C and elongation at break of at least 100%. After aging at 80°C for seven days (7×24 hours), these values remain stable, demonstrating the long-term reliability of the insulation system under thermal stress.
The wire offers high resistance against voltage fluctuation, providing a greater safety factor than standard motor windings. This characteristic is particularly valuable in regions where grid stability cannot be guaranteed, as the cross-linked insulation maintains its dielectric integrity under transient overvoltage conditions that would compromise lesser insulation systems.
Saudi Arabian Pump Brands and Applications
Saudi Arabia‘s submersible pump market is served by a combination of international brands and regional manufacturers, with several companies operating manufacturing or assembly facilities within the Kingdom.
Saudi Mechanical Industries Company (SMI) , based in Riyadh, manufactures submersible pumps and is an authorized OEM for Hitachi and Franklin high-quality electric motors. SMI‘s submersible pump range serves agricultural, industrial, municipal, and commercial applications across Saudi Arabia and exports to more than 26 countries. The company operates 10 branches throughout the Kingdom and maintains a $45 million annual turnover.
Sawafi Borets, a joint venture between Sawafi Al-Jazeera and Borets Services, operates from Al Khobar and has established a 21,000-square-metre manufacturing and assembly centre at the King Salman Energy Park (Spark) in the Eastern Province. The facility is dedicated to the production, testing, and service of Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) systems, with an annual capacity of 500 ESPs. Sawafi Borets has pioneered permanent magnet motors in Saudi Arabia for ESP applications, significantly reducing energy consumption.
Al-Mousa Group, founded in 1970, is a leading supplier of water pumping solutions in Saudi Arabia. The company has established a strategic partnership with Grundfos to create the first local assembly plant for SP submersible pumps in the Kingdom, contributing to Saudi Vision 2030‘s local content objectives. Al-Mousa provides comprehensive services including supply, installation, operation, and maintenance of submersible pumps for agricultural, industrial, commercial, and utility sectors.
Nakheel Company has operated in the Saudi water industry for over three decades, offering more than 500 models of pumps and motors with branches in 11 cities. The company maintains 12 service centers and a main workshop equipped for testing pumps to ensure the highest quality standards.
Advanced Water Systems (AWS-Trading) , established in 2018, serves as an official agent and distributor for international brands including EBARA, SIEMENS, and FELM MOTORS. The company supplies and installs water pumps and motors for government and private sector projects throughout Saudi Arabia.
Cost Advantages of PE2/PA Insulation
The PE2/PA construction offers a favorable balance of performance and cost for submersible motor manufacturers. The wire provides longer motor life and trouble-free operation, reducing maintenance costs and downtime for end users. The high resistance against voltage fluctuation gives a greater safety factor than standard motors, potentially reducing warranty claims and field failures.
From a manufacturing perspective, the smooth surface finish and easy winding softness of PE2/PA wire facilitate efficient stator winding operations. The wire’s softness allows for excellent slot filling and shaping, reducing process scrap and improving labor efficiency. The dimensional consistency of the insulation system ensures predictable electrical performance in production.
The cross-linking of the polyethylene enables operation at higher temperatures than standard PE insulation, allowing motor designers to specify smaller, less expensive motors for a given power rating or to extend the service life of existing designs. Franklin Electric, a major submersible motor manufacturer, continues to install PE2/PA winding as standard in all synchronous and 12-inch rewindable motors, demonstrating the industry‘s confidence in the long-term value of this insulation system.
Conclusion
PE2/PA insulated winding wire provides the combination of electrical performance, thermal stability, and mechanical durability required for water-filled submersible motors in Saudi Arabia and worldwide. The construction’s cross-linked polyethylene insulation delivers high dielectric strength and water resistance, while the polyamide sheath ensures mechanical protection throughout the winding process and service life. Saudi pump manufacturers and suppliers including SMI, Sawafi Borets, Al-Mousa Group, Nakheel, and AWS-Trading serve the Kingdom‘s agricultural, municipal, and industrial pumping needs with submersible motor products that utilize this proven insulation technology. For applications requiring reliable performance at water temperatures up to 50°C and high resistance to voltage fluctuation, PE2/PA winding wire represents the established standard for submersible motor insulation.
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